Stability, Interfacial Structure, and Gastrointestinal Digestion of ?-Carotene-Loaded Pickering Emulsions Co-stabilized by Particles, a Biopolymer, and a Surfactant

Novel Pickering emulsions were stabilized by complex interfaces in the presence of zein colloidal particles (ZCPs), propylene glycol alginate (PGA), and rhamnolipid (Rha) for delivery ?-carotene. The influence particle-surfactant, particle-biopolymer, particle-biopolymer-surfactant mixed on physiochemical properties digestion fate was investigated. It is first time that three different types emulsifiers have been used to synergistically stabilize food lipophilic nutraceuticals. physicochemical stability, microstructure, rheological properties, vitro gastrointestinal controlled addition sequence mass ratio multiple stabilizers, which showed enhanced stability delayed lipid particle-biopolymer-surfactant-stabilized emulsions. After encapsulation into emulsions, retention rate ?-carotene increased 2-fold under UV radiation 8 h. coexistence ZCPs, PGA, Rha could induce competitive displacement, multilayer deposition, interparticle network at interface. combination particles, a biopolymer, surfactant lipolysis during tract. By modulating interfacial composition, release free fatty acids from reduced 19.46% 2.83% through mechanisms. novel emulsion be incorporated foods as well pharmaceuticals or targeted nutrient purposes.